A profile blamed dispatch(), and all four proposed fixes made the virtual call inside it cheaper. Measured, that call is 10 ns of a 333 ns budget and finding the handler is 75. Then the instruction cache, a plugin ABI in …
Five tests segfaulted on Linux and passed on Windows, on the same commit. The bug was a struct whose type quietly demanded an alignment malloc never promised — and the faulting instruction was not where the crash looked …
Rank and select turn two expensive log queries into constant-time lookups. What that costs, what it buys, and why the same code can honestly report both 2ns and 13ns.